The 4 Theory's

Albert Bandura

Social cognitive theory By the mid-1980s, Bandura's research had taken a more holistic bent, and his analyses tended towards giving a more comprehensive overview of human cognition in the context of social learning. The theory he expanded from social learning theory soon became known as social cognitive theory.

Juilian Rotter

Rotter moved away from theories based on psychoanalysis and behaviourism, and developed a social learning theory. In Social Learning and Clinical Psychology (1954), Rotter suggested that the expected effect or outcome of the behavior has an impact on motivation of people to engage in that behavior.

Martin Seligman

Seligman developed the theory further, finding learned helplessness to be a psychological condition in which a human being or an animal has learned to act or behave helplessly in a particular situation - usually after experiencing some inability to avoid an adverse situation - even when it actually has the power to change its unpleasant or even harmful circumstance. Seligman saw a similarity with severely depressed patients, and argued that clinical depression and related mental illnesses result in part from a perceived absence of control over the outcome of a situation.

Aaron Beck

Depressed people have a negative cognition in three areas that are placed into the depressive triad. They develop negative views about: themselves, the world, and their future. Beck starts treatment by engaging in conversation with patients about their negative thoughts. Cognitive therapy has also been applied with success to individuals with anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and many other disorders. In recent years, cognitive therapy has been disseminated outside academic settings, including throughout the United Kingdom, and in a program developed by Dr. Beck and the City of Philadelphia

Lobotomy Walter Freeman

The psychiatrist Walter Freeman he was specialized in lobotomy, and was part of the American Psychiatric Association. He used lobotomy as medical treatment for diseases such as bipolar mainly. He performed nearly 2500 lobotomies in 23 states. A neurologist without surgical training, he initially worked with several surgeons, including James W. Watts. In 1936, he and Watts became the first American doctors to perform prefrontal lobotomy. He used ice picks to hammer them into each frontal lobe through the back of each eye socket. Freeman was able to perform these very quickly, outside of an operating room, and without a surgeon. For his first transorbital lobotomies, Freeman used an actual icepick from his kitchen. Later, n instrument created specifically for the operation called a leucotome. In 1948 Freeman developed a new technique which involved wrenching the leucotome in an upstroke after the initial insertion. This procedure placed great strain on the instrument and in one case resulted in the leucotome breaking off in the patient's skull. As a result, Freeman designed a new, stronger instrument, the orbitoclast. Year later Walter Freeman claimed lobotomy a success, but this treatment brings weakness, it causes people to develop other mental problems. People started to argue about this treatment and claimed that lobotomy was like an assault in the brain, Freeman's reputation was now coming to an end, but he didn't care about what others think about his treatment, he sometimes accidentally killed people in the patients room, either he was hitting to hard with the hammer or human error. In 1950 manufactures developed a medication that treated mental diseases, it was a substitution of lobotomy. He traveled throughout the country to treat patients one was Kennedy daughter which she had mental illness, so then doctor Freeman once again was going to perform lobotomy, and the end of the surgery the results where very bad, she was worst than before the lobotomy. Walter Freeman later died of Cancer in 1972.

Sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Jackson_Freeman_II

Bipolar disorder

After watching this video I was sad about Evans life. I couldn't believe how he could progress with this disorder and especially in society. In fact it was much terrible watching the boy with bipolar than being explained about it, and also thinking about death when you have other things much better to do such as being with family, laughing with your brothers , and enjoying life; I mean its like a waste of your life only arguing about your self that you hate your life. He was a great student at the school of New York, and had friends to be with, something that at least he felt that he was proud of, but sadly in a few hours he would go back to his negative state, and start thinking to commit suicide he even showed to his mom how he was going to kill himself. He was taken to special home where they took care of him and treated him for some days. He felt better after he came out of the home, and his parent where impressed that he was no longer in a irritated mood. Everything went well until one day he told his parents that he was going to do his homework, he closed himself in his room, and suddenly his parents heard a noise like if something fell from atop of the apartment, they rushed into Evans room and saw that he wasn't there and his window was open. They went down stairs and a person who lives in their apartment told them that he found a boy on the floor bleeding, that's where it was confirmed that it was Evan, they took him to the hospital but it he was already dead. His parents suffered for days, and he was put in the same grave where Evens father brother Scott was buried. 1 year later his parents went to the special home where Evan was treated, and they gave them another cabin where in one the wood boards his full name was was carved as an appreciation for helping there son.